初中英语短语辨析大全,初中英语重点短语必考

考点短语解析（三）

1. be made of / be made from

Ⅰ. be made of “由……制成/造”成品看得出原料。如：

The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头制成的。

Ⅱ. be made from “由……制造/成”成品看不出原料。如；

Paper is made from rags.纸是由破布做的。（已看不出原料）

2. be pleased with/ at/ to

Ⅰ. be pleased with “对……人/物，感到满意”介词with后接人或物。 如：

① Both Mark and her mother were pleased with the girl. 马克和他妈妈都有喜欢这个女孩。

② I wasn’t very pleased with / at my exam results. 我对自己的考试成绩不太满意。

Ⅱ. be pleased at “对……某事/物，感到满意”。介词at 常与事物搭配使用。

He was very pleased at the news.他对这个消息感到很满意。

Ⅲ. be pleased to “乐意……；因……而高兴”。to 不是介词，而是小品词。后接动词原形。如：

① I shall be pleased to go. 我将乐意去。

② We are quite pleased to be working in this country. 能在这个国家工作，我们是十分高兴的。

3. be sure of/ be sure to do/ be sure that

Ⅰ.be sure of “确信对……有把握”后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式，表对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断，主语必须是人。如：

① As David joined our team, we are sure of winning the game this time.

由于David参加了我们的球队，我们这次有把握取胜。

② You may be sure of his honesty. 你可以确信他的诚实。

Ⅱ.be sure to “一定，肯定”，后接不定式，往往表示局外人的推测，评论，主语不一定是人，如：

① It is sure to rain tomorrow. 明天一定会下雨。

② He is sure to win.他一定会赢的。

▲ 用于祈使句时作“务必，切切”之意，如：

① Be sure to come tomorrow. 你明天一定要来

② Be sure to forget it . 千万别忘了。

Ⅲ. be sure that 从句。“认为……一定会”主语必须是人，连词that 可省略。它后面还可以接由wheher, 或where, when, who 等引导名词性从句。这时主句通常是否定式。如：

① He is wure that he will succeed. 他确信会成功

② I am not sure where I left my notebook. 我不能确定我的笔记本丢在什么地方了。

4. be sure/ make sure

Ⅰ. be sure 指某人对某事或对某种情况有把握，常译为：“确信”；make sure 指“务必、务请、确保”将某事弄清楚。如：

① I am sure that he is honest. 我相信他是诚实的。

② I have made sure that he is honest. 我已了解清楚他是诚实的。

Ⅱ. 二者后面均可接of 或about 引出的短语。如：

① I am sure of success = I am sure that I will succeed.我深信会成功。

② Will you make sure of his return? = Will you make sure that he returned? 请你查明他是否真的回来了。好吗？

Ⅲ. make sure 后面的that 从句一般不用或很少用将来时；

be sure 后面的that从句则可用将来时。如：

① Make sure that you come here before five. 你一定要在5点前来。

② I am sure that he will come. 我相信他一定会来的。

Ⅳ. 两者后面接不定式，均表示“一定要做某事”，但make sure 通常只用于祈使句；而be sure 则不受限制。如：

①to come to party on time. 一定要准时来参加晚会。

② He is sure to call you up. 他准会给你打电话的。

5. be surprised/ in surprise

Ⅰ. be surprised 为“动词 形容词”结构，在句中作谓语，意为：“感到吃惊”. be surprised at 表“对……感到吃惊”

Ⅱ. in surprise为“介词 名词”结构。在句中作状语。意为：“吃惊地”。如：

① She was surprised. 她感到吃惊。

② Everybody was surprised at you. 大家都对你感到吃惊。

③ John turned round and looked at him in surprise. 约翰转过身去，吃惊地看着他。

6. be used for/ be used as/ be used by

Ⅰ. be used for “（被）用来做……”，强调用途或作用。

Ⅱ. be used as “（被）作为……而用”，强调被当作工具或手段来用。

Ⅲ. be used by “被……使用”，by后跟人物，强调使用者。如：

① Keys are used for opening locks. 钥匙是用来开锁的。

② “Swim” can be used as a noun. “Swim”可作名词用。

③ Recorders are often used by English teachers. 英语教师经常使用录音机。

④ Wood can be used for making paper. 木材能用来造纸。

7. be worth n/ be worth doing sth

Ⅰ. be worth n(表“值”“价值”) “……值（钱，等）”。

① What is your car worth? 这辆车值多少钱？

② This house is worth ￡20,000. 这幢房子值两万磅。

③ It might be worth a lot of money. 它可能值很多钱。

Ⅱ. be worth doing. ……值得干某事。表达的意义是被动意义。动词必须是及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语，这个句子的主语在逻辑上是后面动词的宾语。如：

① That film is worth seeing. 那部片子值得一看。

② The report is worth listening to . 这报告值得听。

[注]：表“很值得”要用well worth. 如：

① The film is well worth seeing . 这电影很值得一看。

8. beach/ bank/ coast/ shore

Ⅰ. beach “海滨、海滩、湖滩”指高水位与低水位之间的滩地。如：

On the hot sunny summer’s day, on the beach you can feel how hot the sand gets.

在炎热而晴朗的夏天，在滩下会觉得沙子有多烫。

Ⅱ. bank 指河流或湖泊的“岸”或“堤”，如：

① He swam to the bank. 他游向了岸边。

Ⅲ. coast “海岸、海滨”指海与陆地相接的线，是地理学上的用语。如：

② They sailed along the coast. 他们沿海岸航行。

Ⅳ. shore “岸”指海、洋、湖或大河之岸而言，有较强的与水相对的意思。如：

His fisherman went to the shore before daybreak.

渔夫在天亮前就到海岸上去了。

9. beat/ hit/ strike/ knock

Ⅰ. beat 着重“连续地击打”如殴打或体罚，也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方。如：

① Don’t beat the child 不要打孩子。

② In the end their enemies were beaten. 最后他们把敌人打败了。

③ He beat the world record in high jump. 他打破了跳高世界纪录。

Ⅱ. hit 往往与strike通用，但严格地说，hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点。如：

① The stone hit him on the head. 石头击中了他的头。

② I hit the target. 我击中了目标。

Ⅲ. strike 是很普通的用词，通常表示“打一下、打若干下”等意思，不一定都是有意的。Strike还可以表示“擦着（火柴）”的意思。如：

① He struck the man on the head. 他（一拳）打在那人的头上。

② Immediately Holmes jumped up from the bed and struck a match. 福尔摩斯立即从床上跳起来，划着一根火柴。

Ⅳ. knock “敲；撞击；打”常与at/on, down连用。如：

You should knock on/ at the door before coming in the teacher’s office.

你应该在进老师办公室时敲敲门。

10.both/ either / neither

三者都是在谈到两个人或东西时用的。可用作代词、形容词、连词。

Ⅰ. 作代词时：both “两者都”. either “两者中任何一个”. neither “两者中任何一个都不”。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，可作同位语。而either 和 neither 则用单数形式，不可作同位语。如：

① Both of us are teachers.

② Either of you can do it.

③ Neither of the answerws is right. 两个答案都不对。

④ They both skate well. 他们两人都会滑冰。

Ⅱ. 作形容词时：both 修饰名词的复数形式。Neither 和 either修饰名词的单数形式。如：

① Neither film is very long.两部电影都不长。

② You may use either pencil. 你可用这两支笔中的任何一支。

③ Both pencils are blue. 两支铅笔都是蓝色的。

Ⅲ. 作连词时：neither 与nor 连用，“既不……也不……”；either 和 or 连用：“或是……或是……” “要么……要么……”连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。而both 却与and 相连。连接主语时谓语动词用复数。如：

① Neither Jack nor I have seen the film.杰克和我都没看过这影片。

② Either you or I am wrong.不是你错就是你错。

③ Both John and Mike are good at swimming. 约翰和麦克都擅长游泳。

11. blind in / blind to

Ⅰ. (be) blind in 表示哪只眼睛瞎了（左眼或右眼）；若表示一只眼睛瞎了，也可以用blind of one/an eye.如：

① He is blind in the right eye. 他的右眼瞎了。

② The old woman is blind of one eye. 那老妇人的一只眼瞎了。

Ⅱ. (be) blind to 表示“对……视而不见”。如：

Many people are blind to their own faults.

许多人看不起自己的缺点。

12. beat/ win/ defeat

Ⅰ. beat “打赢”“战胜”。用于比赛时，后接宾语是战胜对手，表示“赢了某人”。如：

① Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 李磊在百米赛跑中赢了所有的对手。

② We are sure to beat them.我们肯定会赢他们。

Ⅱ. win “赢得；获胜”， 用作及物动词，后接宾语是表示某种比赛的名词或战争，而不是参加比赛的对手。如：

① We won the basketball game. 我们赢得了篮球赛。

② Who won the race? 谁赢得了赛跑？

Ⅲ. defeat “战胜；赢得”与win 一样，较正式，后接宾语时与beat一样，是表示人或代表群体的名词或代词，间或接表事物的名词或代词。 如：

Our class defeated / beat theirs in the basket-ball match yesterday.

昨天我们班在篮球赛中赢了他们班。

13. alike/like

Ⅰalike 与like 都有“相像”之意。但alike 只能作表语，不能作定语，其前不能加very , 只能用much或 very much 修饰，此外alike 还可作副词。如：

The two brothers are very much alike. 兄弟俩长得很相像。

Ⅱ like 可用作表语，也可作定语，还可作介词、连词用。作动词时，意为“喜欢”如：

① The two brothers are very like (very much alike)

② Like father, like son. [谚]有其父必有其子。

③ I don’t like swimming. 我不喜欢游泳。

④ Like causes tend to produce like results. 类似的原因往往会产生类似的结果。

14. beautiful/ pretty/ fair/ lovely/nice/ handsome/ good-looking

Ⅰ.beautiful 是最常用的。“美丽的、美好的”，可指各种各样的美，如花鸟、风景、图画的美，也可指天气、曲调、衣服的美。含有优美、和谐使人感觉快悦，并带有内在美面使他人之心欢悦之意。它形容人时，一般用来指女子长得美丽、好看、动人。

① She has a beautiful voice. 她的声音很好听。

② Rose is a very beautiful girl. 露斯是一个很漂亮的女孩。

Ⅱ. pretty . 是普通用语。“漂亮的、标致的”，程度不如beautiful. 用来修饰人时，常指年轻的妇女和女孩。侧重指温柔的性格，表活泼和甜美； 也可修饰物，含“小巧玲珑”之意。形容男青年时，含有贬义，意为“带女人气的”。Beautiful也同此义。

① How pretty the child looks in her new dress!那女孩穿着新衣服显得漂亮呀！

② The garden is small but extremely pretty. 花园虽小但很可爱。

Ⅲ.handsome. 多用于描写男人“英俊、健美”，用于女性时，主要指五官端正，而不一定秀丽。 如：

He was a handsome boy with large, bright eyes and fair hair.

他是一个英俊的少年，长着一双明亮的大眼睛和金黄色的头发。

Ⅳ.lovely 指外貌的“美、可爱”，常指激情感，表说话人的赞赏和喜爱。如：

① What a lovely wife you have! 你有一个多么可爱的妻子！

② Mother bought me a lovely radio to listen in / at school.妈妈给我买了一个漂亮的收音机，让我在学校收听。

③ The lovely woman has a deep love for her country. 那个秀丽的妇女很热爱自己的国家。

Ⅴ.nice 与 lovely 相似。主要强调取悦于人的感觉。指外表的美。如：

It’s a nice day for a walk.

Ⅵ.good-looking是普通用语，没有beautiful 强烈，男女均可用，如：

Nearly all girls are good-looking, some are pretty, but only a few are beautiful.几乎所有的姑娘都是好看的，有些是漂亮的，但只有少数是美丽的。

Ⅵ.fair 指白肤，金发的美女。

15. because/ because of

Ⅰ. because 是连词，后接句子， 是主句的直接原因，常用来回答由why 引导的特殊疑问句。如：

① Because he is ill, he is not here today.因为他病了，所以今天没来。

② --Why are you in a hurry?

--Because I want to catch the first bus.

Ⅱ.because of 是复合介词，后接名词或代词，相当于名词词组。如：

He can’t come because of illness. 他生病了，所以没来。

16. become/ get/ go/ grow/ turn

Ⅰ. 这几个词都可作连系动词表“变化的”，但用法有别：

become 比较正式，常用于书面语中，表示由一个状态向另一个状态的变化。通常用于过去完成的事，不表未来的事。如：

① I became a teacher three years ago.我是三年前当老师的。（由学生或其他职业变成老师）

② He has become a famous person. 他已成为名人了。

Ⅱ.get 多用于口语中，后常接形容词，表“变化”的过程，特别常接比较级形容词。如：

① The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长了。（含动作意识）

② Things are getting worse.情况变得更糟了。

Ⅲ.go 表示因某种原因而进入某种状态，说明“变”的结果。

① After he heard the news, his face went white. 听到这个消息，他的脸变白了。

② The sky went cloudy. 天娈阴了。

Ⅳ.grow 表“渐渐地变”，强调逐渐变化的过程。 如：

① The smoke grew bigger and thicker. 烟变得越来越大，越来越浓了。

② My younger brother is growing tall. 我弟弟渐渐长高了。

Ⅴ.turn 含有“变得和以前完全不同”之意，说明变的结果。

① The trees turn green. 树变绿了。

② His love turned into hate. 他由爱生恨。

17. before long/ long before

Ⅰ. before long. “不久”，“不久以后”

Ⅱ. long before “很早以前”，“好久以前”如：

① I hope to see you again before long. 我希望不久以后再见到你。

② We finished our work long before. 我们早就把工作做完了

18. begin/ start

Ⅰ. begin “开始”，是很普通的用语，指开始某一行动或进程，与end 相对。如：

① It’s time to begin work. 是开始工作的时候了。

② She began to work in the factory at the age of fifteen. 她十五岁开始在工厂里工作。

③ The meeting will begin at eight o’clock. 会议将于八点钟开始。

Ⅱ. start “开始”，往往与begin通用，但它着重于开始或着手这一点，与stop 相对。如：

① When did you start work? 你什么时候开始工作的？

② He started to study English. 他开始学英语。

③ The child started crying. 小孩哭起来了。

[注]：表示“动身；启程；开动（机器）”等。如：

①I think we ought to start at 8. 我认为我们应该8点出发。

另外commence是三词中最正式的，其后接动词时只能接动词的-ing形式。如：

②The Prime Minister commenced speaking 25 minutes ago. 首相是25分钟前开始发言的。

19. belive/ think/ suppose

这三个词后面的宾语从句的否定往往转移到主句上来。其反意部份与从句 主谓保持一致。如：

I don't believe/think/suppose he can answer the question, can he?

20. below/ under/ beneath

Ⅰ. below“在……下面”，指处于比某物低的位置，不一定在某物的正下方。它的反义词是over。如：

① Write your name below the line. 在线下写上你的名字。

② We are below the moon. 我们在月下。

Ⅱ. under “在……的下面”，相当于below，有时可以通用，但它指处于某物的正下方，其反义词是over。如：

① He stood under a tree. 他站在树下。

② The cat was under the table. 猫在桌子下面。

Ⅲ. Beneath“在……的下面”, 是旧用法的文学用语，现在很少用。相当于below,尤其相当于under.如：

① Children are playing beneath the window. 孩子们在窗子下面游戏。

[注]：down 是副词，指自上而下，由高而低，常与表运动的动词连用。其反义词是up。如：

② He fell down the stairs. 他从楼梯上跌了下来。

21. forget to do / forget doing

22. besides/ but/ except/ beside/ except for/ except that/ but for/ but thatⅠ.besides “除了……还有”指的是“已有……另加上”而except 和but “除了……之外没有……”，正好相反。如：① I don’t care for anything besides this.除此之外，我别无所爱。② What have you done this morning, besides reading the paper and watching TV? 除了看报和看电视之外，你今天上午还做了些什么。Ⅱ.beside prep. “在……旁边”意思如其它的大不相同。如：① They are used to taking a walk on the path beside the the river.他们习惯于在河边的小路上散步。Ⅲ. but 作介词用时：“除……之外没有……”与except同意。但它着重在整体，且常用在no, all, nobody, anything, everything, everybody, everywhere 以及who, whose等词之后。后常接“名词、代词或不定式，接不定式时，如果其前含有实义动词 do (除作助动词用外)的各种形式，则用动词原形（省略“to”）。如：① He does nothing but laugh. 他只是大笑而已。（前有does，故用动词原形laugh.）② Nobody was late but you. 除你之外，没有人迟到。Ⅳ.except 语气比but强且明显。着重在除去的部分。如：① I like all the fruits except pears. 除了梨外，我喜欢所有的水果。② The dress is quite nice except for the color.除了颜色外，这件衣服很漂亮。Ⅴ.except for “除了……以外”其中for 表示理由或细节，对句子含义起修饰作用。有时可与except 互换。如：① Betty worked out all the problems except for / except the last one. 除了最后一个问题外，其它的问题贝蒂都解决了。② Except for Sunday, all of us go to school every day. 除了周日外，我们每天都上学。（此处不用except）.Ⅵ.except that 用作连词 “除……之外”后接从句。① The Swede stood still except that his lips moved slightly.那瑞典人除了嘴微动外，站着一丝不动。② I know nothing about him except that he lives downstairs.除了他住在楼下这一点外，关于别的我一无所知。Ⅶ.but for “若不是……”，“ 倘若……”常和虚拟语气搭配，其后常跟名词或相当于名词的词。跟代词常用其宾格。① But for you, I should have been late for school. 倘若不是你，我上学就迟到了。Ⅷ.but that “要不是”后接从句。如：But that I saw the elephant, I couldn’t have believed it.要不是亲眼看见大象，我真不能相信。 23. give a message/ leave a message / take a message.Ⅰ. Leave a message.“留下个信儿”打电话的人常用。后与介词for 搭配。构成 leave a message for sb.Ⅱ. take a message “捎个信儿”接电话的人常用.后与介词for 搭配。构成：take a message for sb.Ⅲ. give a message “给某人个信儿”后与to 搭配，构成：give a message to sb. = give sb a message.如：① Can I take a message for him? 我能给他捎个信吗？② Can you leave a message for her? 你能给她留个口信吗？③ I will give a message to her. 我将给她个信儿。 24. big/ large/ great/ hugeⅠ. big 和large 所修饰的一般是具体的事物。 big 侧重于表示一个物体的块头、重量，含有庞大、笨重的意思，其反义词是little;large 侧重表示一个物体的宽度和数量，有广阔和众多的含义，其反义词是small。 在现代口语中两者常可互换，big 较口语化，large比较正式。如：① This is a big / large room. 这是一个大房间。② This coat is too big for her. 这上衣对她来说太大了。③ China is a large country. 中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。Ⅱ. big 还可作“长大了的”解，而large没有这个意思。如：① She is big enough to ride a bike. 她长大了，足可以骑自行车了。Ⅲ. great 常表示“伟大的”，可修饰抽象名词，也可修饰具体的人或物，带有一定的感情色彩。有时可能表达说话人的喜悦、赞扬等感情。如：① We are going to visit the People’s Great Hall. 我们打算去参观人民大会堂。② Einstein was a great scientist. 爱因斯坦是位伟大的科学家。③ --How do you like my coat? --Great! 你觉得我这件外衣怎样？ 好极了。Ⅳ. huge “巨大的；极大的”，修饰具体事物，指规格数额超常。如：① How did they carry such huge stones? 他们是如何搬运这些巨石的？

25. bloom/ flower/ blossom

Ⅰ. bloom 指观赏用的花。如：玫瑰；菊花；牡丹等。

Ⅱ. flower 是普通用语。

Ⅲ. blossom 指果树上的花。

26. boat/ ship

Ⅰ. boat “船、艇，”是普通用语。主要指用浆、篙、帆或引擎的小船、小艇，但有时也指大轮船。如：

① We crossed the river by boat. 我们乘船过河。

② They pulled the boat up on to the shore.他们把这条船拖上了岸。（指小船）

③ When does the boat leave for Shanghai?(指轮船)

Ⅱ. ship “船、舰，”多指大的航海船只。如：

① The ship is at sea. 船厂在航海。

② They went to Guangahou by ship. 他们乘船去广州。

27. bold/ brave/ courageous

Ⅰ. bold “大胆的、勇敢的”着重指大胆、勇敢的气质，表现出有胆量、敢闯或敢于对抗而不畏缩。如：

① Be bold! 勇敢些！

② It’s very bold of us to venture to go to sea. 我们冒险航海是很勇敢的。

Ⅱ. brave “勇敢的”， 应用最广泛，通常指在危险、困难或可怕的情况下表现勇猛而畏缩。如：

① Be brave! 勇敢些！

② It was brave of him to enter the burning building. 他敢进入那燃烧着的房屋，真是勇敢。

Ⅲ. courageous “勇敢的，无畏的”表示由于有勇敢的气质或不屈不挠的精神而能无畏地自觉地对付某种事情，常常用于表示道义上的勇敢。如：

① He is courageous in telling the truth. 他敢于讲实话。

② We hope that they will courageously shoulder their responsibilities and overcome all difficulties.我们希望能够勇敢地负起责任，克服一切困难。

28. borrow/ lend /keep

Ⅰ. borrow “借”指从别人那里借来东西（借入）。指“向某人或某处借某事”时，用搭配: Borrow sth from sb / sw.如：

① Can I borrow your pen? 可以借用一下的笔吗？

② Do you often borrow books from the library? 你经常从图书馆借书吗？

Ⅱ. lend “借”指把东西供给别人（借出）。指“把某物借给某人”时用：lend sth to sb. 如：

① Can you lend me your pen? 把钢笔供给我好吗？

② You mustn’t lend it to others.你一定不要把它供给别人。

Ⅲ. keep 表“借多长时间”， 时延续性动词。可用于完成时态。而borrow 和 lend 是短暂性动词。则不能用于完成时态，或与表段时间的状语连用。如：

① He has kept the books for two weeks.他借这书两天了。

② ---How long can I keep the book? ---Two weeks.

29. both/ each

Ⅰ. both “两个都” 而each则强调“各个”如：

① Both of us won a prize. 我们两人共同赢得了一个奖。

② Each of us won a prize. 我们每个人都赢得了奖。

Ⅱ. both 用作句子主语时，谓语总是复数，如：

① Both these books are mine.

而each常用单数。但在下列情况下用复数，即它在复数名词或代词之后。如：

①They each have beautiful stamps.

30. bring/ take/ fetch/ get/ carry

都有“拿”的意思，但用法差别很大，切勿混同。

Ⅰ.bring“拿来、带来”强调从别处带某人或某物来到说话人所在地。如：

The teacher asked the students to bring their dictionaries to the class.

Ⅱ.take“拿走、带走”强调人或事物离开说话人所在地，与bring的关系相当于go与come的相对关系。如：

May I take this magazine home?

Ⅲ.fetch“去取来、去拿来” 指去取了东西又回来这一往返过程，相当于go and bring,但不同于bring，如：

Please fetch me some chalk.

get与fetch意思相似，多用于口语。如：

Go and get/fetch some water.

Ⅳ.carry“携带、搬运”强调某物从甲地移至乙地，带有物体随身移动但无固定方向。如：

① He carried the box upstairs.

另外空气、水、电携带物也用carry.如：

① The boat was carried by ocean currents to a small island.这船被大洋的水流飘至一小岛。

31. broad/ wide

都是“宽”的意思。

Ⅰ. broad 指幅面的宽广，侧重表面上的广阔宏大，指人时多形容背、肩、胸等，在较正式或文学性较强的文体中，也可用来描写河流、街道、田野、峡谷等和地形有关的其它东西。如：

The road is 8 metres broad.

Ⅱ. wide 指一边到另一边的空间距离，侧重两端之间距离的宽大，指人时多形容眼睛、口等。如：

This skirt is too wide.

broad 和wide 的反义词都是narrow.

[语法]：度量表示法：“数词 名词（量） wide(broad)/long长/thick厚/deep深/high高/tall 身高/around周长”

32. build/ found/ put up/ set up

Ⅰ. build “建筑、建造”指施工建筑，如房屋、桥梁、道路等的建造，也可用于广义。如：

We are building socialism with China’s style. 我们正在建设具有中国特色的社会主义。

Ⅱ. found “创立、成立、创办”批创立一个组织、机构、国家等。如：

① They founded(=built) a school for the blind. 他们创办了一亿盲人学校。

② The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于是1949年。

Ⅲ. put up 和set up 人含义很多，但他们在表示“搭起、竖起、挂起”以及表建筑物“建起”的意思时，可以通用。只不过put up 比set up 要常见些。如：

① The boys put up (set up) their tents in the woods. 孩子们在树林里搭起了帐篷。

② They have put up(set up) several cattle sheds for the team. 他们为队里建造了几个牛棚。

但set up 在表示“建起、成立”某一机构团体时，不能用put up 替换。如：

The factory set up a night school last month. 这个工厂上月成立了一所夜校。

33.but/ however

Ⅰ. 都有“然而，但是”的意思。However 比较正式，可以放在句首、句中或句尾；其前面或后面要加逗号隔开，如在句中，其前后都要加逗号，不能与but 连用；而but只放在句首。如：

① I’d like to go swimming with you, but I have to tidy the garden now.我很想和你去游泳，但是我现在必须整理花园。

② It’s raining hard, however, they’re still working in the field. 雨下得很大，然而他们仍然在地里干活。

③ Later, however, she decided to buy it. 可是后来她决定去买下它。

① He said it was so, he was mistaken, however.

34.crowd / group / team

Ⅰ. group “小组、团体”，与 team 是同义词。指因任何目的或原因而聚集在1一起所形成的群体。搭配范围较广；

team 指工作、行为或游戏时在一起的群体，尤指体育比赛的“队”， 搭配范围较窄。如：

① a study group 学习小组；a discussion group 讨论小组

② a basketball team 篮球队 a medical team 医疗队

Ⅱ. group 指“人群”时，与crowd同义。group 所指人数可多可少，但常指“较小”的人群， 且表示有组织有秩序的一群人；

crowd有“密集”“拥挤”的含义，通常指未经组织、人数众多的人群。

35.by oneself/ for oneself/ to oneself/ of oneself

这五个介词短语均属“介词 反身代词”结构，但意义各不相同：

Ⅰ.by oneself“单独地；独立地”（=without help, alone）.如：

Did you do this by yourself or did someone help you?是你自己做的，还是别人帮你做的？

Ⅱ. “本身；本身的性质”如：

① Diamond is hard in itself. 钻石本来是硬的。

Ⅲ.for oneself “为自己（的利益而做某事）；独自地（与by oneself 同义）”。如：

② He has built a house for himself. 他为自己建造了一幢房子。

③ You must find it out for yourself. 你必须自己把它找出来。

Ⅳ.of oneself “自然而然地；自动地”为不及物动词。如：

④ The fire died of oneself. 火自己熄灭了。

Ⅴ.to oneself“默默地”“暗自”，常与talk , say, think等动词连用。如；

⑤ He said to himself that there was something wrong. 他想这其中有毛病。

[注]：say to oneself “在心里想”，talk/ speak to oneself“自言自语”两者不可混淆。

36.by train/ on(in)a the train

二者都有“乘车”之意。当使用介词by表方式时，其后交通工具名词前不用冠词。或其它任何表限定的修饰词，如形容词性物主代词，批示代词等。反之则用介词in (较小的工具如car等)；on (较大的交通工具，如train等)。如：on the bus, in his car.

37.by/ at/ the end of ; in/to/ on the end

Ⅰ. by the end of “在……末以前”“到……末为止”后一般接时间名词。如年、月、周等。也可接表活动的名词，如strike.

Ⅱ. at the end of “在……的尽头”，“在……的末端”如：

① At the end of the book there is an index. 书后附有索引。

② We shall have an exam at the end of the month. 本月末我们将有次考试。

Ⅲ. in the end “最终；终于”，后不接of 短语。如：

I hope everything will turn out all right in the end. 我希望最终一切都顺利。

38.by/ near

都有“靠近”的意思。

Ⅰ.by“就在… …旁边”，表示距离更近。如：

① We have by the sea.（暗示我们可以看见大海）

② We live near the sea.(也许我们离海边还有几里远)

Ⅱ.near表示的距离稍远些。见上例。

39. by/ till

Ⅰ.by“到… …之前”“不迟于”仅指动作发生在限定时间之内或到某一时间为止。如：

①Can you repair my watch by Friday? 你能在星期五之前把表修好吗？（句中时间最迟到星期五，动词可以是瞬间的，也可以是持续的）

Ⅱ.till/untill“直到”强调动作的持续状态，直到将来的某一时刻为止。如：

I shall go on working till/untill next Monday.（此种情况只能用于肯定句中动词必须是延续的）

当untill与not连用时，意为“直到… …才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性的。如：

I don’t go to bed untill/till you come.

40. call on/ visit/ go to see/ drop in

Ⅰ.四者都有“访问”的意思，但是vist较为正式，可用于访问人，也可用于访问地方。如：

I visited my aunt in Bejing in the summer holidays. 暑假我探望了在北京的姨妈。

Ⅱ.call on有时可代替visit，但只限于人。访问某地方则用call at。如：

We called on Prefessor Liu a few days ago.前几天我们拜访了刘教授。

Ⅲ.go to see为普通用语，一般用于人。如：

Tom is ill. Let’s go to see him after school.汤姆病了，我们放学后去看他吧。

Ⅳ.drop in特指顺路探访，多用于口语。如：

Would you like to drop in and have a cup of tea? 你顺便来喝杯茶，好吗？

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1、点击头像进入主页然后再关注，2、接着点击“私信”发送【01】即可

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10. play games
[浠嬭瘝鐭璇鑱氱劍]
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7锛巃t work锛堝湪宸ヤ綔锛/at school锛堜笂瀛︼級/at home锛堝湪瀹讹級搴旀敞鎰忔ょ被鐭璇涓鏃爐he銆
8锛巃t + 鏃跺埢琛ㄧず閽熺偣銆
9锛巐ike this/that琛ㄧず鏂瑰紡锛屾瘉鍞ゆ剰涓衡滃儚鈥︹﹁繖/閭ｆ牱鈥濄
10锛巓f鐭璇琛ㄧず鎵灞炲叧绯汇
11锛巄ehind/ beside/ near/ under+ 鍚嶈瘝绛夛紝琛ㄧず鏂逛綅銆佸勬墍銆
12锛巉rom涓巘o澶氳〃绀烘柟鍚戯紝鍓嶈呮剰涓衡滀粠鈥︹︹濓紝鍚庤呮剰涓衡滃埌鈥︹︹濄
鍙﹀栵紝浠ヤ笅杩欎簺鐭璇涔熷繀椤绘帉鎻°傚傦細on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one鈥檚 bike绛夈
[閲嶇偣鍙ュ瀷澶у洖鏀綸
1锛嶪 think鈥︽剰涓衡滄垜璁や负鈥︹︹濓紝鏄瀵规煇浜烘垨鏌愪簨鐨勭湅娉曟垨鎬佸害鐨勪竴绉嶅彞鍨嬨傚叾鍚﹀畾寮忓父鐢↖ don鈥檛 think鈥︼紝
2锛巊ive sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 鎰忎负鈥滄妸鈥︹︾粰鈥︹︹濓紝鍔ㄨ瘝give涔嬪悗鍙鎺ュ弻瀹捐锛屽彲鐢ㄨ繖涓ょ嶅彞鍨嬶紱鑻ユ寚鐗╃殑瀹捐鏄浜虹О浠ｈ瘝鏃讹紝鍒欏彧鑳界敤give it/ them to sb.
3锛巘ake sb./ sth. to鈥︽剰涓衡滄妸鈥︹(閫)甯﹀埌鈥︹︹濓紝鍚庡父鎺ュ湴鐐癸紝涔熷彲鎺ヤ汉銆
4锛嶰ne鈥, the other鈥/One is鈥and one is鈥︽剰涓衡滀竴涓鏄鈥︹︼紱鍙︿竴涓鏄鈥︹︹濓紝蹇呴』鏄涓よ呬腑銆
5锛嶭et sb. do sth. 鎰忎负鈥滆╂煇浜哄仛鏌愪簨鈥濓紝浜哄悗搴旂敤涓嶅甫to鐨勫姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡锛屽叾鍚﹀畾寮忎负Don鈥檛 let sb锛宒o sth.锛屾垨Let sb. not do sth. 鍙﹀栵紝Let鈥檚 涓嶭et us鐨勫惈涔変笉瀹屽叏鐩稿悓锛屽墠鑰呭寘鎷鍚鑰呭湪鍐咃紝鍚庤呬笉鍖呮嫭鍚鑰呭湪鍐咃紝
6锛巋elp sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.鎰忎负鈥滃府鍔╂煇浜哄仛鏌愪簨鈥濓紝鍓嶈呯敤涓嶅畾寮忎綔瀹捐ˉ锛屽悗鑰呯敤浠嬭瘝鐭璇浣滃捐ˉ锛屼簩鑰呭彲浠ヤ簰鎹.
7锛嶹hat about鈥︼紵/How about鈥︼紵鎰忎负鈥溾︹︽庝箞鏍凤紵鈥濇槸鐢ㄦ潵璇㈤棶鎴栧緛姹傚规柟鐨勮傜偣銆佺函浣欑氦鎰忚併佺湅娉曠瓑銆俛bout涓轰粙璇嶏紝鍏跺悗椤绘帴鍚嶈瘝銆佷唬璇嶆垨V-ing绛夊舰寮忋
8锛嶪t鈥檚 time to do鈥/ It鈥檚 time for sth. 鎰忎负鈥滆ュ仛鈥︹︾殑鏃堕棿浜嗏濓紝鍏朵腑to鍚庨』鎺ュ師褰㈠姩璇嶏紝for鍚庡彲鎺ュ悕璇嶆垨V-ing褰㈠紡銆
9锛巐ike to do sth./like doing sth.鎰忎负鈥滃枩娆㈠仛鏌愪簨鈥濓紝 鍓嶄竴绉嶅彞鍨嬩晶閲嶅叿浣撶殑涓娆℃х殑鍔ㄤ綔锛涘悗涓绉嶅彞鍨嬩晶閲嶄範鎯鎬х殑鍔ㄤ綔锛
10锛巃sk sb.(not) to do sth. 鎰忎负鈥滆╂煇浜(涓嶈)鍋氭煇浜嬧濓紝鍏朵腑ask sb.鍚庡簲鎺ュ姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡锛
11锛巗how sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 鎰忎负鈥滄妸鏌愮墿缁欐煇浜虹湅鈥濓紝璇ュ彞鍨嬬殑鐢ㄦ硶鍚屽墠闈㈢2鐐广
12锛巌ntroduce sb. to sb. 鎰忎负鈥滄妸鏌愪汉浠嬬粛缁欏彟涓浜衡濓紱introduce to sb.鍒欐槸鈥滃悜鏌愪汉浣滀粙缁嶁濄
[閲嶇偣鐭璇蹇閫熷嶄範]
1.kinds of 鍚勭嶅悇鏍风殑
2. either鈥or鈥︽垨鑰呪︹︽垨鑰呪︹︼紝涓嶆槸鈥︹﹀氨鏄鈥︹
3. neither鈥nor鈥︽棦涓嶁︹︿篃涓嶁︹
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 涓鍥芥竻鑼
5. take a seat 灏卞潗
6. home cooking 瀹跺父鍋氭硶
7. be famous for 鍥犫︹﹁岃憲鍚
8. on ones way to鍦ㄢ︹﹂斾腑
9. be sick/ill in hospital鐢熺梾浣忛櫌
10. at the end of鍦ㄢ︹︾殑灏藉ご锛屽湪鈥︹︾殑鏈灏
11. wait for 绛夊緟
12. in time 鍙婃椂
13. make one鈥檚 way to鈥﹀線鈥︹︼紙鑹伴毦鍦帮級璧板幓
14. just then 姝ｅ湪閭ｆ椂
15. first of all 棣栧厛锛岀涓
16. go wrong 璧伴敊璺
17. be/get lost 杩疯矾
18. make a noise 鍚甸椆锛屽枾鍝
19. get on 涓婅溅
20. get off 涓嬭溅
21. stand in line 绔欓槦
22. waiting room 鍊欒瘖瀹わ紝鍊欒溅瀹
23. at the head of鈥︹﹀湪鈥︹︾殑鍓嶅ご
24. laugh at 鍢茬瑧
25. throw about 涔变涪锛屾姏鏁
26. in fact 瀹為檯涓
27. at midnight 鍦ㄥ崐澶
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself鐜╁緱鎰夊揩
29. quarrel with sb. 鍜屾煇浜哄惖鏋
30. take one鈥檚 temperature 缁欐煇浜轰綋娓
31. have/get a pain in鈥︽煇澶勭柤鐥
32. have a headache 澶寸棝
33. as soon as鈥 涓鈥︹﹀氨鈥︹
34. feel like doing sth. 鎯宠佸共鏌愪簨
35. stop鈥from doing sth. 闃绘⑩︹﹀共鏌愪簨
36. fall asleep 鍏ョ潯
37. again and again鍐嶄笁鍦帮紝鍙嶅嶅湴
38. wake up 閱掓潵锛屽彨閱
39. instead of 浠ｆ浛
40. look over 妫鏌
41. take exercise杩愬姩
42. had better(not) do sth. 鏈濂斤紙涓嶈侊級骞叉煇浜
43. at the weekend 鍦ㄥ懆鏈
44. on time 鎸夋椂
45. out of浠庘︹﹀悜澶
46. all by oneself 鐙绔嬶紝鍗曠嫭
47. lots of=a lot of 璁稿
48. no longer/more=not鈥any longer/more 涓嶅啀
49. get back 鍥炴潵锛屽彇鍥
50. sooner or later杩熸棭
51. run away 閫冭窇
52. eat up 鍚冨厜锛屽悆瀹
53. run after 杩借刀
54. take sth. with sb. 鏌愪汉闅忚韩甯︾潃鏌愮墿
55. take(good) care of鈥=look after鈥(well) 锛堝ソ濂斤級鐓ч【锛岀収鏂
56. think of 鑰冭檻鍒帮紝鎯宠捣
57. keep a diary 鍧氭寔鍐欐棩璁
58. leave one by oneself 鎶婃煇浜哄崟鐙鐣欎笅
59. harder and harder 瓒婃潵瓒婂帀瀹
60. turn on鎵撳紑锛堢數鐏銆佹敹闊虫満銆佺叅姘旂瓑锛
61. turn off 鍏
[閲嶆俯閲嶇偣鍙ュ瀷]
1锛嶴o + be锛忓姪鍔ㄨ瘝锛忔儏鐗靛姩璇嶏紡涓昏锛
鍓嶉潰闄堣堪鐨勮偗瀹氭儏鍐典篃閫備簬鍙︿竴浜猴紙鐗╋級鏃讹紝甯哥敤鍒拌繖绉嶅掕呯粨鏋勶紝琛ㄧず鈥滃彟涓浜猴紙鐗╋級涔熷傛ゃ傗濆墠闈㈤檲杩扮殑鍚﹀畾鎯呭喌涔熼備簬鍙︿竴浜猴紙鐗╋級鏃讹紝甯哥敤鈥淣either/ Nor + be锛忓姪鍔ㄨ瘝锛忔儏鎬佸姩璇+涓昏锛庘濊繖绉嶅掕呯粨鏋勩
娉ㄦ剰锛氣淪o+涓昏+be锛忓姪鍔ㄨ瘝锛忔儏鎬佸姩璇嶏紟鈥濊繖涓鍙ュ瀷甯哥敤浜庤〃绀鸿禐鍚岋紝杩涗竴姝ヨ偗瀹氬规柟鐨勭湅娉曪紝琛ㄧず鈥滅殑纭濡傛ゃ傗濃滄槸鍛銆傗
2锛嶵urn right锛弆eft at the first锛弒econd锛忊crossing.
杩欎竴鎸囪矾鐨勫彞鍨嬫剰涓衡滃湪绗涓锛忎簩锛忊︹︿釜鍗佸瓧璺鍙ｅ悜鍙筹紡宸︽嫄銆傗濈浉褰撲簬Take the first 锛弒econd锛忊turning on theright锛弆eft.
3锛嶪t takes sb锛巗ome time to do sth锛
姝ゅ彞鍨嬭〃绀衡滃共鏌愪簨鑺变簡鏌愪汉涓娈垫椂闂淬傗濆叾涓鐨刬t鏄褰㈠紡涓昏锛屽悗闈㈢殑鍔ㄨ瘝涓嶅畾寮忥紙鐭璇锛夋墠鏄鐪熸ｇ殑涓昏.
4锛庘think锛廸ind + it + adj. + to do sth.
姝ゅ彞鍨嬩腑鐨刬t鏄褰㈠紡瀹捐锛屼笉鍙鐢ㄥ叾瀹冧唬璇嶆浛浠ｏ紝褰㈠硅瘝浣滃捐鐨勮ˉ瓒宠锛屽悗闈㈢殑鍔ㄨ瘝涓嶅畾寮忥紙鐭璇锛夋墠鏄鐪熸ｇ殑瀹捐銆
5锛嶹hat鈥檚 wrong with鈥︼紵
姝ゅ彞鍨嬬浉褰撲簬What鈥檚 the matter/ trouble with鈥︼紵鍚庤窡鏌愮墿浣滃捐鏃讹紝鎰忎负鈥滄煇鐗╁嚭浠涔堟瘺鐥呬簡锛熲濆悗璺熸煇浜轰綔瀹捐鏃讹紝鎰忎负鈥滄煇浜烘庝箞浜嗭紵鈥
6锛巘oo鈥to鈥
鍦╯o鈥that鈥﹀嶅悎鍙ヤ腑锛宼hat鍚庣殑鍙ュ瓙鏄鍚﹀畾鍙ユ椂锛屽父涓庣畝鍗曞彞too鈥to鈥︼紙澶鈥︹﹁屼笉鑳解︹︼級杩涜屽彞鍨嬭浆鎹銆
鍦╯o鈥that鈥﹀嶅悎鍙ヤ腑锛宼hat鍚庣殑鍙ュ瓙鏄鑲瀹氬彞鏃讹紝甯镐笌绠鍗曞彞鈥enough to鈥﹁繘琛屽彞鍨嬭浆鎹.
7锛嶴orry to hear that鍏ㄥ彞搴斾负I鈥檓 sorry to hear that. 鎰忎负鈥滃惉鍒版や簨鎴戝緢闅捐繃锛堥仐鎲撅級銆傗濆父鐢ㄤ簬瀵瑰埆浜虹殑涓嶅垢琛ㄧず鍚屾儏銆侀仐鎲句箣鎰忋
[閲嶇偣鍙ュ瀷銆佽瘝缁勫ぇ鐩樼偣]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 濂硅繃鍘绘槸涓浣嶆眽璇鑰佸笀銆
[鐢ㄦ硶] used to + 鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰锛岃〃绀鸿繃鍘荤粡甯告х殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栧瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐘舵侊紝鍚鏈夌幇鍦ㄤ笉鍐嶅傛や箣鎰忋
[鎼閰峕 used to do鐨勫惁瀹氬紡鍙浠ユ槸usedn鈥檛 to do鎴杁idn鈥檛 use to do.
[姣旇緝] used to do sth. 杩囧幓甯稿仛鏌愪簨锛沚e/ get used to doing sth. 涔犳儻浜庡仛鏌愪簨锛沚e used to do sth. 琚鐢ㄦ潵鍋氭煇浜嬨
2.鈥return it sooner or later.
鈥︹﹁繜鏃╄佸皢瀹冨綊杩樸
[鐢ㄦ硶] l)sooner or later鎰忎负鈥滆繜鏃┾濄佲滄棭鏅氣濄
2)return姝ゅ勭敤浣滃強鐗╁姩璇嶏紝鎰忎负鈥滃綊杩樷濓紝鐩稿綋浜巊ive back.
[鎷撳睍]return杩樺彲鐢ㄤ綔涓嶅強鐗╁姩璇嶏紝鎰忎负鈥滆繑鍥炩濓紝鐩稿綋浜巊o back鎴朿ome back銆
3.No matter what the weather is like鈥︽棤璁哄ぉ姘斺︹
[鐢ㄦ硶]no matter what 鐩稿綋浜巜hatever锛屽叾鎰忎负鈥滄棤璁轰粈涔堚濓紝寮曞肩姸璇浠庡彞銆
[鎷撳睍]绫讳技no matter what鐨勮〃杈炬柟寮忚繕鏈夛細
no matter when鏃犺轰粈涔堟椂鍊
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where鏃犺轰粈涔堝湴鏂
no matter who鏃犺鸿皝
no matter how 鏃犺烘庝箞鏍
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
涓浣嶅勾缁忎汉涓庢牸鏋楀厛鐢熺粌涔犺茶嫳璇銆
[鐢ㄦ硶]practise doing sth. 琛ㄧず鈥滃疄璺点佺粌涔狅紙鍋氾級鏌愪簨鈥濄
[鎷撳睍]practice鍚嶈瘝锛屸滃疄璺碘濄佲滃疄鏂解濄佲滅粌涔犫濓紱put a plan into practice瀹炶屾煇璁″垝銆
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
浠栭紦鍔卞ぇ瀹跺弬鍔犱繚鎶ゆ垜浠鐨勬箹娉娿佹渤娴佸拰娴锋磱鐨勬椿鍔ㄣ
[鐢ㄦ硶]1)encourage鐢ㄤ綔鍔ㄨ瘝锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滈紦鍔扁濄佲滄敮鎸佲濄
2)take part in鈥滃弬鍔犫濓紝甯歌〃绀哄弬鍔犳椿鍔ㄣ
3)protect 鏄鍔ㄨ瘝锛岃〃绀衡滈槻寰♀濄佲滀繚鎶も濄
[鎼閰峕1)encourage sb. in sth.鍦ㄦ煇浜嬩笂榧撳姳鎴栨敮鎸佹煇浜
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.榧撳姳鏌愪汉骞叉煇浜
2)protect sh. from sth.浣挎煇浜轰笉鍙楁煇浜嬩镜琚鎴栦激瀹
6. 鈥to warn people about sharks in the water. 鈥︹﹁﹀憡浜轰滑褰撳績姘撮噷鐨勯波楸笺
[鐢ㄦ硶] warn鐢ㄤ綔鍔ㄨ瘝锛屾剰鎬濇槸鈥滆﹀憡鈥濄佲滆︽垝鈥濄
[鎼閰峕1)warn sb.+ that浠庡彞
2)warn sb. of sth. 璀﹀憡鏌愪汉鏌愪簨
3)warn sb. to do sth.鍛婅鏌愪汉鍋氭煇浜
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.鍛婅鏌愪汉褰撳績鏌愪簨/涓嶈佸仛鏌愪簨
閲嶇偣鍙ュ瀷銆佽瘝缁勫ぇ鐩樼偣 1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 濂硅繃鍘绘槸涓浣嶆眽璇鑰佸笀銆 [ 鐢ㄦ硶 ] used to + 鍔ㄨ瘝鍘熷舰锛岃〃绀鸿繃鍘荤粡甯告х殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栧瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐘舵侊紝鍚鏈夌幇鍦ㄤ笉鍐嶅傛や箣鎰忋 [ 鎼閰 ] used to do鐨勫惁瀹氬紡鍙浠ユ槸usedn鈥檛 to do鎴杁idn鈥檛 use to do. [ 姣旇緝 ] used to do sth. 杩囧幓甯稿仛鏌愪簨锛沚e/ get used to doing sth. 涔犳儻浜庡仛鏌愪簨锛沚e used to do sth. 琚鐢ㄦ潵鍋氭煇浜嬨 鈥︹

鍒濅腑浜烘暀鐗堣嫳璇閲嶇偣璇娉曘佽瘝姹囪瘝缁勮鲸鏋愩佸彞鍨

11. 鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬
11.1 涓鑸鐜板湪鏃剁殑鐢ㄦ硶
1锛 缁忓父鎬ф垨涔犳儻鎬х殑鍔ㄤ綔锛屽父涓庤〃绀洪戣叜搴︾殑鏃堕棿鐘惰杩炵敤銆傛椂闂寸姸璇锛 every鈥, sometimes, at鈥, on Sunday銆備緥濡傦細
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 姣忓ぉ鏃╀笂鎴戜竷鐐圭诲紑瀹躲
2锛 瀹㈣傜湡鐞嗭紝瀹㈣傚瓨鍦锛岀戝︿簨瀹炪備緥濡傦細
The earth moves around the sun. 鍦扮悆缁曞お闃宠浆鍔ㄣ
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 涓婃捣浣嶄簬涓鍥戒笢閮ㄣ
3锛 琛ㄧず鏍艰█鎴栬﹀彞銆備緥濡傦細
Pride goes before a fall. 楠勮呭繀璐ャ
娉ㄦ剰锛氭ょ敤娉曞傛灉鍑虹幇鍦ㄥ捐浠庡彞涓锛屽嵆浣夸富鍙ユ槸杩囧幓鏃讹紝浠庡彞璋撹涔熻佺敤涓鑸鐜板湪鏃躲
渚嬶細Columbus proved that the earth is round. 鍝ヤ鸡甯冭瘉瀹炰簡鍦扮悆鏄鍦嗙殑銆
4锛 鐜拌呭樊鍦ㄦ椂鍒荤殑鐘舵併佽兘鍔涖佹ф牸銆佷釜鎬с備緥濡傦細
I dont want so much. 鎴戜笉瑕侀偅涔堝氥
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 瀹夎嫳璇鍐欏緱涓嶉敊锛岃茬殑鍙涓嶈屻
姣旇緝锛歂ow I put the sugar in the cup. 鎶婄硸鏀惧叆鏉瀛愩
I am doing my homework now. 鎴戞ｅ湪鍋氬姛璇俱
绗涓鍙ョ敤涓鑸鐜板湪鏃讹紝鐢ㄤ簬鎿嶄綔婕旂ず鎴栨寚瀵艰存槑鐨勭ず鑼冩у姩浣滐紝琛ㄧず瑷琛岀殑鐬闂村姩浣溿傜浜屽彞涓鐨刵ow鏄杩涜屾椂鐨勬爣蹇楋紝琛ㄧず姝ｅ湪杩涜岀殑鍔ㄤ綔鐨勫㈣傜姸鍐碉紝鎵浠ュ悗鍙ョ敤涓鑸鐜板湪鏃躲
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.2 涓鑸杩囧幓鏃剁殑鐢ㄦ硶
1锛夊湪纭瀹氱殑杩囧幓鏃堕棿閲屾墍鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣滄垨瀛樺湪鐨勭姸鎬併備緥濡傦細鏃堕棿鐘惰鏈夛細yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982绛夈備緥濡傦細
Where did you go just now? 鍒氭墠浣犱笂鍝鍎垮幓浜嗭紵
2锛夎〃绀哄湪杩囧幓涓娈垫椂闂村唴锛岀粡甯告ф垨涔犳儻鎬х殑鍔ㄤ綔銆備緥濡傦細
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 鎴戞槸涓瀛╁瓙鐨勬椂鍊欙紝甯稿湪椹璺涓婅涪瓒崇悆銆
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
閭ｆ椂锛屽竷鏈椾竴瀹舵棤璁轰粈涔堟椂鍊欏幓锛岄兘鍙楀埌鐑鐑堟㈣繋銆
3锛夊彞鍨嬶細It is time for sb. to do sth "鍒扳︹︽椂闂翠簡" "璇モ︹︿簡"銆備緥濡傦細It is time for you to go to bed. 浣犺ョ潯瑙変簡銆
It is time that sb. did sth. "鏃堕棿宸茶繜浜" "鏃╄モ︹︿簡" 锛屼緥濡侷t is time you went to bed. 浣犳棭璇ョ潯瑙変簡銆
would 锛坔ad锛 rather sb. did sth. 琛ㄧず瀹佹効鏌愪汉鍋氭煇浜銆備緥濡傦細Id rather you came tomorrow.杩樻槸鏄庡ぉ鏉ュ惂銆
4锛 wish, wonder, think, hope 绛夌敤杩囧幓鏃讹紝浣滆瘯鎺㈡х殑璇㈤棶銆佽锋眰銆佸缓璁绛夛紝鑰屼竴鑸杩囧幓鏃惰〃绀虹殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬侀兘宸叉垚涓鸿繃鍘伙紝鐜板凡涓嶅嶅瓨棣栨牳鐨鍦ㄣ備緥濡傦細I thought you might have some. 鎴戜互涓轰綘鎯宠佷竴浜涖
姣旇緝锛欳hristine was an invalid all her life.锛堝惈涔夛細濂瑰凡涓嶅湪浜洪棿銆傦級
Christine has been an invalid all her life.锛堝惈涔夛細濂圭幇鍦ㄨ繕娲荤潃锛夋皬閫
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. 锛堝惈涔夛細杈炬瘮澶澶宸蹭笉鍐嶄綇鍦ㄨ偗濉斿熀宸炪傦級
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. 锛堝惈涔夛細鐜板湪杩樹綇鍦ㄨ偗濉斿熀宸烇紝鏈夊彲鑳芥寚鍒氱诲幓锛
娉ㄦ剰锛 鐢ㄨ繃鍘绘椂琛ㄧず鐜板湪锛岃〃绀哄斿夎姘斻
1锛夊姩璇峸ant, hope, wonder, think, intend 绛夈備緥濡傦細
Did you want anything else? 鎮ㄨ繕瑕佷簺浠涔堝悧锛
I wondered if you could help me. 鑳戒笉鑳藉府鎴戜竴涓嬨
2锛夋儏鎬佸姩璇 could, would銆備緥濡傦細
Could you lend me your bike? 浣犵殑鑷琛岃溅锛岃兘鍊熺敤涓浜涘悧锛
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do锛"杩囧幓甯稿父"琛ㄧず杩囧幓涔犳儻鎬х殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬侊紝浣嗗備粖宸蹭笉瀛樺湪銆備緥濡傦細
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 鑰佸堣繃鍘绘病閭ｄ箞鍋ュ繕銆
Scarf used to take a walk. 鏂鍗″か杩囧幓甯稿父鏁ｆャ
be used to + doing锛 瀵光︹﹀凡鎰熷埌涔犳儻锛屾垨"涔犳儻浜"锛宼o鏄浠嬭瘝锛屽悗闇鍔犲悕璇嶆垨鍔ㄥ悕璇嶃備緥濡傦細
He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 鏂鍗″か鐜板湪宸蹭範鎯浜庢暎姝ヤ簡銆
鍏稿瀷渚嬮
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- Its 69568442.
A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant
绛旀圓. 鏈鍙ヨ櫧娌℃湁鏄庣‘鐨勬椂闂寸姸璇锛屼絾浠庤鎰忎笂鐪嬪嚭锛屽湪鍚鐨勬椂鍊欐病鏈夊惉鎳傝繖涓鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ繃鍘伙紝鍥犳ゅ簲鐢ㄨ繃鍘绘椂銆
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.4 涓鑸灏嗘潵鏃
1锛 shall鐢ㄤ簬绗涓浜虹О锛屽父琚玾ill 鎵浠ｆ浛銆倃ill 鍦ㄩ檲杩板彞涓鐢ㄤ簬鍚勪汉绉帮紝鍦ㄥ緛姹傛剰瑙佹椂甯哥敤浜庣浜屼汉绉般備緥濡傦細
Which paragraph shall I read first锛 鎴戝厛璇诲摢涓娈靛憿锛
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 浠婃櫄涓冪偣鍥炲跺ソ鍚楋紵
2锛 be going to +涓嶅畾寮忥紝琛ㄧず灏嗘潵銆
a. 涓昏鐨勬剰鍥撅紝鍗冲皢鍋氭煇浜嬨備緥濡傦細What are you going to do tomorrow? 鏄庡ぉ鎵撶畻浣滀粈涔堝憿锛
b. 璁″垝锛屽畨鎺掕佸彂鐢熺殑浜嬨備緥濡傦細The play is going to be produced next month銆傝繖鍑烘垙涓嬫湀寮鎾銆
c. 鏈夎抗璞¤佸彂鐢熺殑浜嬨備緥濡傦細Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 鐪嬮偅涔屼簯锛屽揩瑕佷笅闆ㄤ簡銆
3锛 be +涓嶅畾寮忚〃灏嗘潵锛屾寜璁″垝鎴栨ｅ紡瀹夋帓灏嗗彂鐢熺殑浜嬨備緥濡傦細
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.鎴戜滑涓嬫槦鏈熷叚璁ㄨ鸿繖浠芥姤鍛娿
4锛 be about to +涓嶅畾寮忥紝鎰忎负椹涓婂仛鏌愪簨銆備緥濡傦細
He is about to leave for Beijing. 浠栭┈涓婅佸幓鍖椾含銆
娉ㄦ剰锛歜e about to do 涓嶈兘涓巘omorrow, next week 绛夎〃绀烘槑纭灏嗘潵鏃剁殑鏃堕棿鐘惰杩炵敤銆
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.5 be going to / will 鐢ㄤ簬鏉′欢鍙ユ椂锛宐e going to琛ㄥ皢鏉,will琛ㄦ剰鎰裤備緥濡傦細
If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.6 be to鍜宐e going to
be to 琛ㄧず瀹㈣傚畨鎺掓垨鍙椾汉鎸囩ず鑰屽仛鏌愪簨锛宐e going to 琛ㄧず涓昏傜殑鎵撶畻鎴栬″垝銆備緥濡傦細
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 鏄庡ぉ涓嬪崍鎴戝幓韪㈢悆銆傦紙瀹㈣傚畨鎺掞級
Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 鏄庡ぉ涓嬪崍鎴戞兂鍘昏涪鐞冦傦紙涓昏傚畨鎺掞級
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.7 涓鑸鐜板湪鏃惰〃灏嗘潵
1锛変笅鍒楀姩璇峜ome, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return鐨勪竴鑸鐜板湪鏃跺彲浠ヨ〃绀哄皢鏉ワ紝涓昏佺敤鏉ヨ〃绀哄湪鏃堕棿涓婂凡纭瀹氭垨瀹夋帓濂界殑浜嬫儏銆備緥濡傦細
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 鐏杞︽槑澶╀笂鍗堝叚鐐瑰紑銆
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 姹借溅浠涔堟椂鍊欏紑锛熷崄鍒嗛挓鍚庛
2锛変互here, there绛夊紑濮嬬殑鍊掕呭彞锛岃〃绀哄姩浣滄ｅ湪杩涜屻備緥濡傦細
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 杞︽潵浜嗐
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 閾冨搷浜嗐
3锛夊湪鏃堕棿鎴栨潯浠跺彞涓銆備緥濡傦細
When Bill comes 锛堜笉鏄痺ill come锛, ask him to wait for me. 姣斿皵鏉ュ悗锛岃╀粬绛夋垜銆
Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 鎴戝埌浜嗛偅閲岋紝灏卞啓淇＄粰浣犮
4锛夊湪鍔ㄨ瘝hope, take care that, make sure that绛夌殑瀹捐浠庡彞涓銆備緥濡傦細
I hope they have a nice time next week. 鎴戝笇鏈涗粬浠涓嬫槦鏈熺帺寰楀紑蹇冦
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 绂诲紑鎴块棿鍓嶏紝鍔″繀鎶婄獥鎴峰叧浜嗐
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.8 鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄨ繘琛屾椂琛ㄧず灏嗘潵
涓嬪垪鍔ㄨ瘝come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return绛夌幇鍦ㄨ繘琛屾椂鍙浠ヨ〃绀哄皢鏉ャ備緥濡傦細
Im leaving tomorrow. 鏄庡ぉ鎴戣佽蛋浜嗐
Are you staying here till next week? 浣犱細鍦ㄨ繖鍎垮憜鍒颁笅鍛ㄥ悧锛
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.9 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃
鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁敤鏉ヨ〃绀轰箣鍓嶅凡鍙戠敓鎴栧畬鎴愮殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬侊紝鍏剁粨鏋滅殑褰卞搷鐜板湪杩樺瓨鍦锛涗篃鍙琛ㄧず鎸佺画鍒扮幇鍦ㄧ殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬併傚叾鏋勬垚锛歨ave 锛坔as锛 +杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝銆
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.10 姣旇緝涓鑸杩囧幓鏃朵笌鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃
1锛変竴鑸杩囧幓鏃惰〃绀鸿繃鍘绘煇鏃跺彂鐢熺殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栧崟绾鍙欒堪杩囧幓鐨勪簨鎯咃紝寮鸿皟鍔ㄤ綔锛涚幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂涓鸿繃鍘诲彂鐢熺殑锛屽己璋冭繃鍘荤殑浜嬫儏瀵圭幇鍦ㄧ殑褰卞搷锛屽己璋冪殑鏄褰卞搷銆
2锛変竴鑸杩囧幓鏃跺父涓庡叿浣撶殑鏃堕棿鐘惰杩炵敤锛岃岀幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂閫氬父涓庢ā绯婄殑鏃堕棿鐘惰杩炵敤锛屾垨鏃犳椂闂寸姸璇銆
涓鑸杩囧幓鏃剁殑鏃堕棿鐘惰锛歽esterday, last week锛屸ago, in1980, in October, just now绛夛紝鐨嗕负鍏蜂綋鐨勬椂闂寸姸璇銆
鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑鏃堕棿鐘惰锛歠or, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always绛夛紝鐨嗕笉纭瀹氱殑鏃堕棿鐘惰銆
鍏卞悓鐨勬椂闂寸姸璇锛歵his morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 绛夈
3锛夌幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鍙琛ㄧず鎸佺画鍒扮幇鍦ㄧ殑鍔ㄤ綔鎴栫姸鎬侊紝鍔ㄨ瘝涓鑸鏄寤剁画鎬х殑锛屽俵ive, teach, learn, work, study, know.銆
涓鑸杩囧幓鏃跺父鐢ㄧ殑闈炴寔缁鎬у姩璇嶆湁come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married绛夈備緥濡傦細
I saw this film yesterday. 锛堝己璋冪湅鐨勫姩浣滃彂鐢熻繃浜嗭級
I have seen this film. 锛堝己璋冨圭幇鍦ㄧ殑褰卞搷锛岀數褰辩殑鍐呭瑰凡缁忕煡閬撲簡锛
Why did you get up so early? 锛堝己璋冭捣搴婄殑鍔ㄤ綔宸插彂鐢熻繃浜嗭級
Who hasnt handed in his paper? 锛堝己璋冩湁鍗峰瓙鏈浜わ紝鐤戜负涓嶅叕骞崇珵浜夛級
He has been in the League for three years. 锛堝湪鍥㈠唴鐨勭姸鎬佸彲寤剁画锛
He has been a League member for three years. 锛堟槸鍥㈠憳鐨勭姸鎬佸彲鎸佺画锛
鍙ュ瓙涓濡傛湁杩囧幓鏃剁殑鏃堕棿鍓璇嶏紙濡倅esterday, last, week, in 1960锛夋椂锛屼笉鑳戒娇鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛岃佺敤杩囧幓鏃躲
锛堥敊锛塗om has written a letter to his parents last night.
锛堝癸級Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.11 鐢ㄤ簬鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑鍙ュ瀷
1锛塈t is the first / second time.... that鈥︾粨鏋勪腑鐨勪粠鍙ラ儴鍒嗭紝鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂銆備緥濡傦細
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 杩欐槸鎴戠涓娆¤块棶杩欏煄甯傘
This is the first time 锛坱hat锛 Ive heard him sing. 杩欐槸鎴戠涓娆″惉浠栧敱姝屻
娉ㄦ剰锛欼t was the third time that the boy had been late.
2锛塗his is +褰㈠硅瘝鏈楂樼骇+that鈥︾粨鏋勶紝that 浠庡彞瑕佺敤鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃躲備緥濡傦細
This is the best film that Ive 锛坋ver锛 seen. 杩欐槸鎴戠湅杩囩殑鏈濂界殑鐢靛奖銆
鍏稿瀷渚嬮
锛1锛 ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
绛旀圔. This is the first time 鍚庨潰鎵鍔犱粠鍙ュ簲涓虹幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛屾晠閫塀銆
锛2锛 ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, its the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
绛旀圖. ever鎰忎负鏇剧粡鎴栨棤璁轰綍鏃讹紝鍙嶆剰璇嶄负never锛屾や袱璇嶅父鐢ㄤ簬瀹屾垚鏃躲
娉ㄦ剰锛氶潪寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶇殑鍚﹀畾褰㈠紡鍙浠ヤ笌琛ㄧず寤剁画鏃堕棿鐨勭姸璇杩炵敤銆傚嵆鍔ㄤ綔涓嶅彂鐢熺殑鐘舵佹槸鍙浠ユ寔缁鐨勩
锛堥敊锛塈 have received his letter for a month.
锛堝癸級I havent received his letter for almost a month.
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.12 姣旇緝since鍜宖or
Since 鐢ㄦ潵璇存槑鍔ㄤ綔璧峰嬫椂闂达紝for鐢ㄦ潵璇存槑鍔ㄤ綔寤剁画鏃堕棿闀垮害銆備緥濡傦細
I have lived here for more than twenty years.鎴戜綇鍦ㄨ繖鍎夸簩鍗佸氬勾浜嗐
I have lived here since I was born. 鎴戜粠鍑虹敓璧峰氨浣忓湪杩欏効浜嗐
娉ㄦ剰锛氬苟闈炴湁for 浣滀负鏃堕棿鐘惰鐨勫彞瀛愰兘鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂銆
I worked here for more than twenty years. 锛堟垜鐜板湪宸蹭笉鍦ㄨ繖閲屽伐浣溿傦級
I have worked here for many years.锛堢幇鍦ㄦ垜浠嶅湪杩欓噷宸ヤ綔銆傦級
娉ㄦ剰锛氱敤鍙ュ瀷杞鎹㈢殑鏂规硶锛屽緢瀹规槗鎺掗櫎闈炲欢缁鍔ㄨ瘝鍦ㄦ湁for/since缁撴瀯鐨勫畬鎴愭椂涓鐨勮鐢ㄣ
1锛夛紙瀵癸級 Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2锛夛紙閿欙級 Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
鏄剧劧锛岀浜屽彞涓嶅癸紝瀹冨簲鏀逛负 Harry got married six years ago. 鎴 Harry has been married for six years.
杩斿洖鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勬椂鎬佺洰褰
11.13 since鐨勫洓绉嶇敤娉
1锛 since +杩囧幓涓涓鏃堕棿鐐癸紙濡傚叿浣撶殑骞淬佹湀銆佹棩鏈熴侀挓鐐广1980, last month, half past six锛夈備緥濡傦細
I have been here s